Final answer:
In eukaryotic cells, the chloroplast is the organelle required for photosynthesis, containing thylakoids with embedded chlorophyll necessary for the process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cellular organelle required for photosynthesis to occur in eukaryotic cells is the chloroplast.
Photosynthesis is a crucial process by which plants, some protists, and algae, which are all autotrophic eukaryotes, capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Within the mesophyll cells of plants, chloroplasts are found having a double membrane envelope with an inner and outer layer.
Inside the chloroplast are structures named thylakoids, which are stacked into grana, and the surrounding liquid space is called the stroma.
Chlorophyll, the pigment critical for capturing light energy, is embedded in the thylakoid membrane and initiates the photosynthetic process.