Final answer:
To determine the volume of a gas in a balloon when the temperature decreases, we apply Charles's Law, which shows that the balloon's volume will decrease to approximately 2.32L when the temperature is dropped from 28°C to -40°C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to gas laws in Chemistry, specifically the application of Charles's Law which describes how gases tend to expand when heated.
Initially, we have a gas in a balloon with a volume of 3L at a temperature of 28°C and 0.92 atm. The balloon is then subjected to a temperature decrease to -40°C in a freezer, and we want to know the new volume of the gas.
To find the new volume, we must use Charles's Law in the form V1/T1 = V2/T2, where temperatures are in Kelvin. Convert 28°C and -40°C to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to each. Thus, our initial temperature (T1) is 301.15K and our final temperature (T2) is 233.15K. Applying Charles's Law, we get:
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2
3L / 301.15K = V2 / 233.15K
V2 = 3L * (233.15K / 301.15K)
V2 = 2.32L (approximately)
The new volume of the balloon at -40°C would therefore be approximately 2.32L.