Final answer:
The distilled spirit made using botanicals and known for the flavor of Juniper berries is gin. Distillation, the process for creating spirits, originated with Abbasid chemists and became widespread in the 15th century for spirits like gin, vodka, and whiskey.
Step-by-step explanation:
The distilled spirit known for its scent and flavor, which is imparted from Juniper berries, is gin. Distillation is a process widely used for separating mixtures based on differences in the conditions required to change the phase of components of the mixture. The invention of distilled spirits dates back to Abbasid chemists who referred to it as al-kuhl, meaning "the essence". Since the 15th century, distillation leading to the production of spirits like gin, vodka, and whiskey has been widespread. In the case of gin, various botanicals, including juniper berries, are added to create its unique flavor and aroma during the distillation process. This contrasts with vodka, which is a simpler mixture of ethanol and water, and whiskey, which is known for its unique characteristics often influenced by the geography and water chemistry where it is produced, such as in certain parts of Appalachia.