Final answer:
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) are the two main government departments responsible for funding healthcare research, significantly contributing to the nation's GDP and job creation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two main government departments that provide funding for healthcare research are the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). These organizations support a vast array of projects aimed at improving health outcomes and fostering innovation in healthcare. The NIH is known for its substantial contributions to the medical research field, supporting research that added $69 billion to the GDP and created seven million jobs in 2011. The AHRQ focuses on improving the quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of healthcare for Americans. Both these entities grant funds for research that influence a wide range of health policies and practices.