Final answer:
The term 'demagogue' describes a leader who garners support by appealing to popular passions, which accurately describes Benito Mussolini's approach to politics.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of describing Benito Mussolini, the term 'demagogue' refers to a leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices rather than by using rational argument. Option 3 from the provided definitions is correct: a leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions. Mussolini effectively used emotive and nationalistic rhetoric to gain and maintain power, incorporating elements of fear, ambition, and ultimately control over Italy during his rule. He manipulated the Italian political system and employed his Fascist Party's power to instill a totalitarian regime, cultivated a strong following through emotionally charged speeches, and introduced policies that aligned with fascist ideals of nationalism and militarism. Mussolini's tactics fit the characteristics of a demagogue, as he capitalized on public sentiment to strengthen his authority and suppress opposition.