Question

Inhibitors of protein synthesis typically act on?

1) peptidoglycan precursors
2) penicillin-binding proteins
3) ribosomes
4) porin proteins
5) transfer RNA

Answer 1

Tetracycline and chloramphenicol are antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by acting on 3) ribosomes, the former by blocking tRNA binding and the latter by blocking peptide bond formation.

Step-by-step explanation:

Inhibitors of protein synthesis typically act on 3)ribosomes.

Among several classes of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, tetracycline is known to block the A site on the bacterial ribosome, which would directly affect tRNA binding to the ribosome.

This prevents the aminoacyl-tRNA from attaching to the ribosome and effectively inhibits the growth of the protein chain.

Chloramphenicol, another antibiotic, blocks peptidyl transfer during protein synthesis, which prevents the new peptide bond from being formed and affects the growth of the protein chain.