Final answer:
DNA Sequencing in physical chromosome mapping refers to the technique used to determine the precise sequence of nucleotides in DNA, aiding in creating detailed physical maps of chromosomes that measure genetic distances in base pairs. It utilizes genomic libraries and uniquely sequenced sites to connect genetic information and physical location, crucial for comprehensive genome mapping.
Step-by-step explanation:
DNA Sequencing is a method used in creating physical maps of chromosomes, which provides detailed information about the physical distance between genes or genetic markers. It involves the use of DNA sequencing technology to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides in a stretch of DNA. This most detailed form of mapping allows researchers to obtain precise distances in terms of the number of base pairs, and it is crucial for genome mapping and the study of genomics.
During DNA Sequencing for chromosome mapping, scientists can utilize genomic and complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries, which are collections of cloned DNA sequences. A specific site targeted for sequencing, known as a sequence-tagged site (STS), is a unique sequence with a known exact location on a chromosome. Notable types of STS include Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) and Single Sequence Length Polymorphisms (SSLPs). These serve as key references connecting genetic maps with physical maps, thereby enhancing our understanding of the genome and its functions.