Final answer:
Apportionment takes place every ten years, based on census data to reallocate the 435 seats in the House of Representatives among states according to population growth. Subsequently, redistricting happens within states, controlled by the majority of the state legislature, and can include gerrymandering, where district lines are tactically drawn to benefit a particular party.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of apportionment occurs every ten years and may grant additional seats to those states with population growth. The process of redistricting is controlled by the majority party in the state legislature. The process of gerrymandering occurs as part of redistricting and may intentionally give power to a specific political or demographic group.
Using the census data collected every decade, states engage in apportionment to determine the distribution of the 435 seats in the House of Representatives among the states. Gerrymandering is then applied by the majority in the state legislature to redraw district boundaries in a manner that could benefit a particular party, often leading to political and legal debates regarding the fairness and legality of these redrawn districts. This practice affects electoral outcomes, essentially shaping political power and the allocation of resources.