Final answer:
The case of McCulloch v. Maryland impacted the powers of the national government by establishing the doctrine of implied powers and reinforcing the principle of national supremacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court case of McCulloch v. Maryland had a significant impact on the powers of the national government in the United States. The case involved a dispute over whether Congress had the authority to establish a national bank, and whether states could tax federal property. Chief Justice John Marshall argued that Congress did have the power to create a national bank under the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution. This ruling established the doctrine of implied powers, which gave Congress broad discretion in carrying out its constitutional responsibilities. Additionally, the Supreme Court ruled that states could not tax federal property, citing the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution. This reinforced the principle of national supremacy, which establishes that federal laws take precedence over state laws when there is a conflict.