Final answer:
Nutrition factors such as a higher intake of fruits and vegetables can decrease the risk of cancer due to their fiber, antioxidants, and phytochemical contents. In contrast, consuming more processed foods and red meat is associated with a greater risk of developing cancer. A healthy diet, paired with other lifestyle choices, plays a crucial role in cancer prevention.
Step-by-step explanation:
Epidemiological research indicates that certain nutrition factors can decrease the risk of cancer. Among the options provided, fruits and vegetables have been consistently associated with a reduced risk of certain cancers. They are rich in dietary fiber, antioxidants, and other compounds such as phytochemicals that have shown to slow tumor formation.
Conversely, a diet high in processed foods and red meat has been linked to an increased risk of cancer, particularly colon and other types of cancer. Processed foods often contain additives and high levels of sodium, which can contribute to cancer risk.
Furthermore, avoidable lifestyle choices such as eating an unhealthy diet are considered important, preventable environmental risk factors for cancer. Making healthy food choices, like increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, while reducing the consumption of processed meats, red meats, and alcohol, can contribute to cancer prevention.