Question

What are the four types of chromosome rearrangements?

1) Translocation
2) Inversion
3) Deletion
4) Duplication

Answer 1

The four types of chromosome rearrangements include translocation, inversion, deletion, and duplication, each altering the chromosome structure that can be detected during meiosis and affect genetic function.

Step-by-step explanation:

The four types of chromosome rearrangements are:

1. Translocation: This occurs when a segment from one chromosome is detached and reattached to a non-homologous chromosome.
2. Inversion: A chromosome inversion involves the detachment, 180° rotation, and reinsertion of a part of the chromosome. This can affect gene orientation and, potentially, gene function.
3. Deletion: This is when a segment of a chromosome is removed, leading to the loss of genetic material.
4. Duplication: Opposite to deletion, duplication results in an extra copy of a segment of a chromosome.
5. Chromosomal rearrangements like these can lead to significant genetic consequences and are often detected during meiosis when chromosomes pair up. Incorrect orientation or structure may lead to aneuploid gametes due to improper recombination events.