Final answer:
Genes that are physically close to each other on the same chromosome are called linked genes. Their alleles tend to be inherited together, but crossing-over during meiosis can separate them.
Step-by-step explanation:
Genes that are located on the same chromosome are called linked genes. Alleles for these genes tend to segregate together during meiosis, unless they are separated by crossing-over. Crossing-over occurs when two homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during meiosis I. The closer together two genes are on a chromosome, the less likely their alleles will be separated by crossing-over.
If there are two genes, A and B, located close together on the same chromosome, their alleles will tend to be inherited together. However, they may be separated by crossing-over during meiosis, which can result in the independent inheritance of these genes in some cases.