Final answer:
Increased filtration pressure that exceeds osmotic pressure leads to higher glomerular filtration rates and potentially more urine production in the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the pressure that promotes filtration is greater than the sum of the pressures that oppose filtration, the net result is increased movement of fluid and solutes through the semipermeable membrane of the glomerulus. This filtration process relies on balances between hydrostatic and osmotic pressure. In the kidneys, this pressure difference leads to the formation of urine as water and solutes are forced out of the blood into the renal tubules. If the hydrostatic pressure, which is the pressure fluid exerts against a surface, overcomes the counteracting osmotic pressure within the glomerular capillaries, an elevated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will occur, potentially increasing urine production as more fluid is filtered. When the balance tips toward hydrostatic pressure due to factors such as abnormally high blood pressure, protein may appear in the urine, a condition often indicating glomerular damage or disease.