Final answer:
The correct option is 1) Ascomycota. The fungal phylum that undergoes meiosis followed by mitosis to produce eight haploid spores in a sac is Ascomycota.
Step-by-step explanation:
The fungal phylum that undergoes meiosis followed by mitosis to produce eight haploid spores in a sac is Ascomycota. During the sexual phase of the Ascomycota life cycle, asci (sac structures) are produced that contain four nuclei resulting from meiosis.
These nuclei then undergo mitosis, producing a total of eight haploid ascospores. The haploid phase is the predominant phase in the life cycle of Ascomycota.