Final answer:
The answer is yes, there is a path from s to s', and the argument form used here is a disjunctive syllogism, which is a valid deductive inference.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking whether there is a path from statement s to statement s', and if that path includes any intervening low-security assignment to x. The answer to the question is 1) Yes. This is because the argument form being used here is a disjunctive syllogism, which is a valid deductive inference.
For example, let's say statement s is 'All cats are mammals', and statement s' is 'No mammals can fly'. In this case, there is a clear path from the first statement to the second statement, and there are no intervening low-security assignments to x (in this case, x being the variable representing 'mammals'). Therefore, the answer would be 'Yes'.