Final answer:
J. Philip Hogan's statement regarding the heart of modern missions is best summarized by emphasizing the training of national workers and ministers to foster sustainable and culturally integrated forms of Christianity within the converted communities.
Step-by-step explanation:
To best summarize J. Philip Hogan's statement regarding the heart of modern missions, we need to consider the historical context of missionary activity. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, missions were an integral part of the expansion of Western influence across the world. Missionaries played a significant role in what was termed the civilizing mission, where they sought to bring not only the Christian religion but also education, medicine, and cultural values from their home countries to the peoples of Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. Protestant missionaries, and in particular American missionaries, were driven by their desire to expand the democratic and Christian influences of the United States abroad. The training of national workers and ministers became one of the key focuses of modern missions, as it allowed for a sustainable and culturally integrated form of Christianity to develop within the converted regions. This approach aimed to create a self-propagating, self-governing, and self-supporting church. Sacrificial giving by believers and leadership by mission committees was undoubtedly part of the missionary effort; however, the core of Hogan's vision lies in empowering the local people through training and education to lead the mission themselves.