Question

A molecular biologist has isolated a short segment of DNA that she wants to replicate in vitro. First she heats the DNA, which separates the two strands, and then she adds ____________?

1) nucleotides, primers, and polymerase
2) nucleotides and ligase
3) ribosomes, matching amino acids, and primers
4) ribosomes, nucleosomes, and messenger RNA
5) transfer RNA, matching amino acids, and messenger RNA

Answer 1

To replicate DNA in vitro, a molecular biologist would need to add nucleotides, primers, and DNA polymerase to the denatured strands, reflecting the core components needed in the PCR technique.

Step-by-step explanation:

The molecular biologist looking to replicate a segment of DNA in vitro will need to add nucleotides, primers, and DNA polymerase to the reaction. The process described aligns with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), a technique where DNA is denatured by heating, then mixed with primers which are short sequences of DNA that match parts of the sequence to be replicated. These primers serve as starting points for DNA polymerase to extend the DNA strand. DNA polymerase thus can add the nucleotides in the correct order to form new strands complementary to the original DNA template strands.

To replicate the short segment of DNA, the molecular biologist would add nucleotides, primers, and polymerase to the heated DNA. The primers provide the starting point, while the polymerase extends the DNA strands.

The molecular biologist would add nucleotides, primers, and polymerase to the heated DNA in order to replicate it in vitro. First, the DNA is denatured or separated into two strands by heating. Then, the primers, DNA polymerase, and all four nucleotides are added. The primers provide the starting point for DNA replication, while the polymerase enzyme adds nucleotides to extend the DNA strands.