Final Answer:
Freud and Rogers present distinct perspectives on personality and conflict resolution. Freud's conflict model, rooted in psychoanalysis, emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind and the interplay of the id, ego, and superego. Defenses, like repression and denial, shield individuals from anxiety-provoking thoughts. In contrast, Rogers' humanistic approach centers on self-actualization, emphasizing personal growth and a positive self-concept, with conflicts arising from incongruence between the self and experiences.
Step-by-step explanation:
Freud's conflict model, a cornerstone of psychoanalysis, posits that unconscious desires and unresolved childhood experiences fuel internal conflicts. The id, ego, and superego represent dynamic forces shaping behavior. Defenses, psychological mechanisms like repression or denial, act as protective barriers, shielding the conscious mind from distressing thoughts or memories. For instance, when faced with a traumatic memory, an individual may unconsciously repress it to mitigate anxiety. Freud's intricate model provides a comprehensive framework for understanding how unconscious processes and defenses shape personality.
Conversely, Rogers' humanistic approach focuses on the self and personal growth. Central to his conflict model is the concept of incongruence—the misalignment between one's self-concept and lived experiences. Defenses in Rogers' model involve self-deception, where individuals create a false self to cope with incongruence. For instance, a person might convince themselves they are satisfied in a job misaligned with their values. Rogers' approach highlights the importance of authenticity and congruence in resolving conflicts and achieving self-actualization.
In summary, Freud and Rogers diverge in their conflict models, with Freud emphasizing unconscious dynamics and defenses against anxiety, while Rogers focuses on the congruence of self-concept and experiences for personal growth. Freud's intricate interplay of the id, ego, and superego contrasts with Rogers' humanistic emphasis on self-actualization and authenticity.