Final answer:
The organs that receive blood from the celiac axis artery are the liver, stomach, and spleen, which are served by its branches: the hepatic artery (to the liver), the left and right gastric arteries (to the stomach), and the splenic artery (to the spleen).
Step-by-step explanation:
The celiac axis artery, also known as the celiac trunk or celiac artery, is a major branch of the abdominal aorta responsible for supplying blood to various abdominal organs. The organs that receive blood from the celiac axis artery are the liver, stomach, and spleen. The celiac trunk branches out into the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. The left gastric artery supplies the stomach, while the splenic artery supplies the spleen. The common hepatic artery further divides into the hepatic artery supplying the liver, the right gastric artery aiding the stomach, and the cystic artery for the gallbladder.
The liver receives systemic blood through the branch of the common hepatic artery called the hepatic artery. The stomach is supplied by both the left and right gastric arteries, which are branches of the celiac trunk and the common hepatic artery, respectively. The spleen receives blood from the splenic artery, which is one of the primary branches of the celiac trunk. However, the cecum, which is part of the large intestine, does not receive blood from the celiac trunk. Instead, the cecum is vascularized by branches of the superior mesenteric artery, which is another major branch of the abdominal aorta, separate from the celiac axis.