Final answer:
The Fick equation and C(a-v)O2 can be used to determine cardiac output. Ejection fraction and heart rate provide insight into cardiac output, but are not direct measurements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Fick equation can be used to determine cardiac output. The Fick equation calculates cardiac output by multiplying the oxygen consumption with the arteriovenous oxygen difference (Ca-vO2). This equation is commonly used in exercise physiology to determine an individual's maximum cardiac output.
C(a-v)O2 is the arteriovenous oxygen difference, which is the difference in oxygen content between the arterial blood and the mixed venous blood. This value can also be used to estimate cardiac output in some cases.
Ejection fraction and heart rate can provide some insight into cardiac output, but they are not typically used as direct measurements to determine cardiac output.