Final answer:
True, Salmonella and Shigella bacteria generate different DNA fingerprints due to their distinct genetic makeups. DNA fingerprinting is a method used to differentiate organisms based on their unique DNA sequence patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
True, Salmonella and Shigella bacteria should generate different DNA fingerprints. These two genera have distinct sets of genes and sequence variations within those genes, which would result in unique DNA fingerprints for each when analyzed. DNA fingerprinting is a technique used to distinguish between organisms based on differences in their DNA sequences.
In the context of Griffith's experiment, the heat treatment that killed the bacteria did not necessarily inactivate the bacterial DNA, which is why the transformation could occur. An experiment debunking proteins as the genetic material included the Hershey-Chase experiment, which showed that only phage DNA, not protein, entered bacterial cells. Answering the other true or false questions: two-ring bases (purines) do not always bind to each other, they usually bind to one-ring bases (pyrimidines); during DNA replication, the polynucleotide chains are not broken into individual nucleotides, but the bonds between nucleotides in the strands are broken; and indeed, in DNA, each nucleotide contains a sugar molecule, deoxyribose.