Final answer:
In this experimental design, two or more different behaviors of the same subject are observed, with each subject serving as their own control. This design allows for a more precise comparison by minimizing individual differences between subjects.
Step-by-step explanation:
In this experimental design, two or more different behaviors of the same subject are observed, with each subject serving as their own control. This design is commonly used in scientific investigations to study the effects of an independent variable on a dependent variable.
For example, in a study on the effects of caffeine on reaction time, participants would be tested on their reaction time both before and after consuming caffeine. The pre-consumption reaction time serves as the control, while the post-consumption reaction time represents the experimental condition. By comparing the two conditions within each participant, researchers can analyze the effects of caffeine on reaction time.
This experimental design allows for a more precise comparison, as individual differences between subjects are minimized since each subject acts as their own control.