Final answer:
Healthcare workers can avoid cross-contact by adhering to strict hand hygiene, utilizing personal protective equipment, and thoroughly disinfecting and sterilizing surfaces and equipment. They should also follow post-exposure protocols and undergo regular training on preventative measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
How Staff Can Avoid Cross-Contact
Healthcare workers must execute stringent measures to prevent cross-contact and minimize the spread of infections such as HBV (Hepatitis B virus) and other pathogens. The primary means of preventing transmission in a healthcare setting include practicing rigorous hand hygiene, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and following protocols for disinfection of surfaces and equipment. Good hand hygiene practices, such as washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, are essential, especially after potential contamination and before and after patient contact.
Use of PPE such as gloves, gowns, and face protection is vital when there is a risk of exposure to blood or other body fluids. Disposal of syringes and needles after single use also reduces risk. Furthermore, any exposed skin should be cleansed with soap and water immediately if contaminated, with the use of antiseptics as needed. Post-exposure protocols include treatments like HBIG or vaccination to manage potential infections.
In case of surface contamination, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends a 10% bleach solution for disinfection. This is particularly important because viruses like HBV can remain infective on surfaces for up to seven days. It is also crucial to follow detailed protocols for disinfecting and sterilizing equipment that could harbor and transmit infections. Additionally, all healthcare workers should undergo regular training on these procedures to maintain awareness and competency in infection prevention.