Final answer:
To make a low level disinfectant, approximately 3.785 grams of bleach should be added to a gallon of water to achieve a concentration of 0.1%.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to make a low level disinfectant, bleach is added to water. The concentration of bleach is usually given as a percentage. For example, a typical liquid bleach bottle might cite the concentration of its active ingredient, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI), as being 7.4%. This means that a 100.0-g sample of bleach would contain 7.4 g of NaOCI.
To determine how much bleach to add to a gallon of water, you would need to know the desired concentration of the disinfectant. Let's assume that you want to achieve a concentration of 0.1%, which is a commonly used concentration for low level disinfection. Since a gallon of water is approximately 3.785 liters, you would need to calculate the mass of bleach needed to achieve a concentration of 0.1% in 3.785 liters of water. The equation to calculate the mass of bleach is: mass of bleach = (concentration / 100) * volume of water.
Using the equation, the mass of bleach needed would be: (0.1 / 100) * 3785 = 3.785 g. Therefore, approximately 3.785 grams of bleach would need to be added to a gallon of water to make a low level disinfectant with a concentration of 0.1%.