Final answer:
Specially synthesized oxygen carriers like hemoglobin or synthetic blood substitutes based on fluorinated alkanes are included in media to slow oxygen diffusion, allowing for higher oxygen concentration and transport efficacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
To slow oxygen diffusion in various biological media, specially synthesized compounds like hemoglobin in human red blood cells or synthetic oxygen carriers based on fluorinated alkanes can be used. These oxygen carriers are used to increase dissolved oxygen concentrations, leveraging their high solubility and ability to bind oxygen reversibly.
In the case of hemoglobin, it allows the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues at much greater levels than dissolved oxygen alone would permit. Similarly, synthetic carriers are designed for use as blood substitutes and are stable without refrigeration, offering comparable oxygen capacity to that of normal blood thanks to their substantial Henry's law constants for O₂.