Final answer:
The force constant and mass are key factors that govern the vibration of a simple harmonic oscillator. The force constant determines the stiffness of the system, while the mass affects the period and frequency of the oscillation. These factors are described by the equations of motion in simple harmonic motion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two important factors govern the vibration of a simple harmonic oscillator: the force constant (k) and the mass (m) of the system. A higher force constant leads to a smaller period and frequency, while a greater mass results in a longer period and lower frequency. For example, a stiff diving board will vibrate faster and have a shorter period, while a heavier person on the board will bounce more slowly with a longer period. These factors affect the period and frequency of the oscillation, and are described by the equations of motion in simple harmonic motion (SHM).