a. The system in the experiment is the cylinder and its contents, while the surroundings are everything else outside of the system.
b. If the water bath is monitored, the temperature of the water bath will increase if the reaction is exothermic because energy is transferred between the system and the surroundings
c. The concentration of the reactants could be changed to affect the overall energy output or input of the system
A
The system in the experiment is the cylinder and its contents, including the reactants, products, and piston.
The surroundings are everything else outside of the system, including the water bath, the room, and the air.
B:
If the water bath is monitored, the temperature of the water bath will increase if the reaction is exothermic (releases heat) and decrease if the reaction is endothermic because energy is transferred between the system and the surroundings.
If the reaction is exothermic, heat will flow from the system to the surroundings causing the temperature of the water bath to increase.
C:
A higher concentration of reactants will generally lead to a faster reaction rate and a greater release or absorption of heat.
A higher temperature will generally increase the reaction rate and the amount of heat released or absorbed.