Final answer:
The amygdala, a component of the limbic system located in the medial temporal lobe, is responsible for the emotional reactions of adolescents.
Step-by-step explanation:
Adolescents tend to use the amygdala in the temporal lobe of the brain for emotional reactions. The amygdala is part of the limbic system, which is involved in mediating emotional responses and memory. In the context of the question, this structure is crucial for the emotional behavior typically observed during adolescence.
While the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for judgment, impulse control, and planning, continues to mature into early adulthood, the amygdala plays a significant role in emotional life and has been linked to mood and anxiety disorders. It works in tandem with other parts of the limbic system, including the hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, which all contribute to the regulation of emotion.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. amygdala.