Final answer:
Adolescence is the social construction representing the transition from childhood to adulthood, characterized by various physical, mental, and social changes starting at puberty and typically spanning the ages of 12 to 18.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that represents the social construction for the developmental transition between childhood and adulthood is B. Adolescence. Adolescence is a socially constructed concept that marks the period of development beginning at puberty and ending at emerging adulthood. It is a time when individuals undergo physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes as they transition from children to adults. The typical age range for adolescence is from 12 to 18 years, and it includes the onset of puberty, which is characterized by sexual maturation and a growth spurt, as well as significant mental, emotional, and social development.