Final answer:
The basic raw materials for PVC are derived from petrochemicals such as ethylene and chlorine, which react to form the monomer vinyl chloride. This monomer is then polymerized to create PVC, used in numerous construction and consumer products.
Step-by-step explanation:
The basic raw materials for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) are derived from petrochemicals, specifically ethylene and chlorine. Ethylene, a gaseous hydrocarbon, is obtained through the cracking of petroleum or natural gas. Chlorine, on the other hand, is produced from the electrolysis of salt water. When ethylene and chlorine are combined, they form vinyl chloride, which is the monomer for PVC. Through a polymerization process, vinyl chloride transforms into polyvinyl chloride.
PVC is vastly used in the construction industry for pipes and in the manufacturing of house siding, flooring, and window frames. Additionally, with the use of plasticizers, PVC becomes flexible and soft, making it suitable for products like electrical insulation, shower curtains, and waterproof fabrics. However, there is growing environmental concern over the use of PVC, as both the production and disposal of PVC can release harmful substances into the environment.