Final answer:
Enslaved African Americans communicated using hollers, calls, and drumming to send secret messages to each other.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enslaved African Americans communicated with one another in hollers or calls derived from their musical tradition of call and response. Calls are as musical ways "to communicate messages of all kinds-to bring people in from the fields, to summon them to work, to attract the attention of a girl in the distance, to signal hunting dogs, or simply to make one's presence known." Calls convey simple messages, or merely make one's whereabouts known to friends working elsewhere in the fields.
Many slave calls were modeled on African drumming. Slaves also copied the drum rhythms by 'patting juba.' This procedure involved "foot tapping, hand clapping, and thigh slapping, all in precise rhythm." Patting juba was incorporated into an early twentieth century dance called the Charleston. This "Africanism," reappeared in the late twentieth century in the dance choreography of the Broadway musical "Bring on the Noise, Bring on the Funk."