Final answer:
Deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality involves behavior that contravenes established community standards but is not necessarily illegal or bad, and can change over time. Deviance is context-dependent and can range from minor to serious, highlighting the cultural and temporal relativity of societal norms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Deviation from social norms as a definition of abnormality refers to behavior that violates the accepted standards of behavior set by a community or society. These deviations can range from minor faux pas, such as inappropriate dress in a particular setting, to serious violations of social mores, like criminal acts. The crucial aspect is the societal reaction; what is considered deviant in one culture or time period may be acceptable in another. Societal norms change over time, and behaviors that were once seen as abnormal can become accepted, such as tattoos or vegan lifestyles.
Furthermore, deviance is often considered to be relative. For instance, speaking loudly at a funeral might be viewed as disrespectful, but the same behavior could be fitting during a celebratory gathering after the service. This relativity shows that the context and societal response are significant factors in classifying a behavior as deviant. Sociologists emphasize that not all deviance is bad and, in some cases, can contribute to social change and progress.
Moreover, it is essential to differentiate between deviance and crime. A crime is an act that breaks a law and is formally punishable, while deviance encompasses a broader range of behaviors not necessarily illegal but still outside societal norms. These concepts reflect the dynamic nature of societal values and the influence of social control measures, such as sanctions, in maintaining order.