Final answer:
Double consciousness in 'Volunteers' is identified when a character struggles with a dual identity as an African and an American, mirroring W.E.B. Du Bois's concept where one feels the 'two-ness' of being an American and a Negro.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept of double consciousness refers to the internal conflict experienced by subordinated or colonized groups in an oppressive society. It's the feeling of looking at oneself through the eyes of the oppressive society and seeing oneself affected by its stereotypes and judgments. In the context of a play such as 'Volunteers' and Du Bois's essay, a character experiences double consciousness when they grapple with their African identity versus their American identity, reflecting Du Bois's insight on racial dynamics. According to Du Bois, "One ever feels his two-ness-an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts", which reveals the inner turmoil and identity struggle. In the play, there might be a scene where a character reflects on their racial identity and feels the weight of how others perceive them, thereby, showcasing this psychological challenge.
As Du Bois explains, the African American's self-conception is influenced by the societal views and racial prejudices, which leads to a fragmented sense of self. A character in 'Volunteers' might thus articulate these conflicting identities, mirroring Du Bois's concept. For example, if a character expresses discomfort or frustration at having to reconcile their identity as a Black person with the expectations and perceptions of White society, it would be a display of double consciousness. Du Bois's quote from 'The Souls of Black Folk', "It is a peculiar sensation, this double-consciousness, this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others", provides a framework for understanding these scenes.