Final answer:
Cancer prevention programs may include tobacco cessation programs to address preventable risk factors and colonoscopy screening programs for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer. The student's question is answered by option 3: Both (A) and (B).
Step-by-step explanation:
Cancer prevention programs may incorporate various strategies targeting risk factors and early detection of the disease. Among the preventative measures, there are two standout options:
- Establishing smoking/chewing tobacco cessation programs is a major pillar in cancer prevention. This tackles one of the most significant but preventable environmental risk factors for cancer. In fact, avoiding tobacco could prevent around 25 percent of cancer-related deaths.
- Establishing a colonoscopy screening program is vital for the early detection of colorectal cancer, particularly for individuals over the age of 50 or those at increased risk due to family history or lifestyle factors such as smoking and high-fat diets. Colonoscopies not only detect precancerous polyps but also allow for their removal before they can turn malignant.
Therefore, the answer to the student's question is option 3: Both (A) and (B).