Question

A nurse is monitoring for adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide after administering the medication to an older adult client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?

Answer 1

A nurse should monitor for adverse effects such as electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypokalemia and hyponatremia), dehydration, and reduced blood pressure in an older adult client with heart failure taking hydrochlorothiazide.

Step-by-step explanation:

The nurse monitoring an older adult client with heart failure who has been administered hydrochlorothiazide should be aware of several potential adverse effects. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that inhibits the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney, which can lead to increased urination. One of the adverse effects of this medication could be electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia (low potassium) and hyponatremia (low sodium), which may present with symptoms such as weakness, nausea, and hypotension, particularly concerning in older adults due to their increased susceptibility.

Electrolyte imbalance can lead to decreased blood volume and circulatory failure, which is particularly risky for clients with heart failure. Additionally, diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide can sometimes cause dehydration and reduced blood pressure. Thus, the nurse should monitor for signs of electrolyte imbalances, decreased blood pressure, dehydration, and any other symptoms that could indicate these adverse effects.