Final answer:
High gradation leads to low transparency due to increased light scattering and narrower, sharper intensity maxima in diffraction. A transparent Petri dish and an opaque iron meteorite exemplify high and low transparency, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
High gradation is related to the diffraction of light as it passes through slits or gratings. When light passes through a medium with a high gradation, it results in low transparency. This is because a higher gradient typically scatters more light, making it harder to see through the substance.
Using examples such as a Petri dish, which is made of transparent material, shows high transparency as it allows a high proportion of light to transmit. In contrast, an opaque object like an iron meteorite does not allow light to transmit through it, demonstrating low transparency.
Additionally, when considering the diffraction of light through multiple slits or gratings, as the number of slits increases, the intensity maxima become narrower and sharper, with less light intensity between them, resulting in regions that appear darker. Thus, high gradation in the context of diffraction would likely lead to decreased transparency between these sharp intensity peaks.