Final answer:
The four major instructional models for ELLs include Direct Instruction, Sheltered Instruction, Content-Based Instruction, and Dual Language Instruction, each with distinct strategies and objectives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four major instructional models for serving English Language Learners (ELLs) are Direct Instruction, Sheltered Instruction, Content-Based Instruction, and Dual Language Instruction. Each model caters to different needs and circumstances of ELL students.
- Direct Instruction is a teacher-centered approach that focuses on systematic curriculum delivery and is often used to teach specific skills or knowledge.
- Sheltered Instruction, also known as Specially Designed Academic Instruction in English (SDAIE), provides access to content without watering down the academic rigor, often using strategies to make instruction more comprehensible for ELLs.
- Content-Based Instruction integrates language instruction with content learning, where language is taught through the medium of academic subjects.
- In Dual Language Instruction, ELLs are taught literacy and content in both their native language and English, promoting bilingualism and biliteracy.
- Direct Instruction:
- This model involves explicit teaching of academic content and language skills.
- Teachers provide clear explanations, structured activities, and guided practice to support language acquisition.
- Sheltered Instruction:
- Also known as Sheltered English Instruction (SEI) or Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), this model modifies content instruction to make it more accessible for ELLs.
- Teachers use language supports, such as visual aids and simplified language, to make academic content comprehensible.
- Content-Based Instruction:
- In this model, language skills are developed through the exploration of content areas.
- Academic content serves as the context for language learning, allowing students to acquire language skills while engaging with subject matter.
- Dual Language Instruction:
- Also known as bilingual education, this model aims for bilingualism and biliteracy.
- Students receive instruction in both their native language and the target language (English), with the goal of developing proficiency in both languages.