Final answer:
To keep the empty model, the probability of it being true given the data should be higher than any alternative models. The specific probability threshold for keeping the empty model would depend on the specific context and the alternative models being considered.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking for the probability of F at which we would keep the empty model. In the Bayesian approach, this means finding the probability of the empty model being true given the observed data. Bayes' theorem can be used to calculate this probability:
P(empty model | data) = P(data | empty model) * P(empty model) / P(data)
To keep the empty model, the probability of it being true given the data should be higher than any alternative models. Therefore, the specific probability threshold for keeping the empty model would depend on the specific context and the alternative models being considered.