Final answer:
The term 'life-world' pertains to Husserl's phenomenology, but the student's inquiry mistakenly conflates it with Leibniz's philosophy. Leibniz's optimism posits the universe as the best possible world, a notion distinct from the life-world concept. Heidegger, extending these ideas, stressed the world's role in comprehending existence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term 'Lebenswelt' or life-world is commonly associated with the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl, which broadly explores how reality is experienced and constituted in everyday life. However, the student's question seems to mistakenly combine 'Lebenswelt' with Leibniz's philosophy. It's important to clarify that Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a 17th-century philosopher and mathematician known for his optimism about the universe being the best possible world, a concept separate from the life-world theory.
Leibniz argued that we cannot know how changes in the world could make it better because we lack the infinite perspective and knowledge that God possesses. If we had this divine knowledge, we'd understand how everything that exists contributes to this being the most wonderful world.
Martin Heidegger, who came after Husserl, emphasized the importance of the world in understanding being, or 'Dasein'. For Heidegger, abstract ideas alone cannot disclose the nature of being; it is through our engagement with the world that we comprehend existence.
Life-world theory itself, Husserl's domain, is not explicitly examined in the reference the student provided. Husserl's life-world concept suggests that our subjective experiences, grounded in the context of the everyday world, are foundational for understanding reality and the structures of consciousness.