Final answer:
Deliberative democracy, also known as communicative action, is a form of democratic discourse allowing for argumentation about the future within a public forum. Through this process, societies can engage in meaningful dialogue to resolve conflicts and advance public interests, as emphasized by thinkers like Habermas and Aristotle, and demonstrated in classical Indian debates.
Step-by-step explanation:
A type of democratic discourse that allows people to argue about the future is known as deliberative democracy or communicative action. The concept, championed by Habermas, suggests that societies can achieve emancipation through open and public forums where people's ideas are challenged and debated. This discourse, inspired by the likes of Aristotle and contemporary thinkers such as James Fishkin, is built on the foundation that by engaging more citizens in political debate, a society can better assemble perspectives to advance the public good and allow citizens to realize their potential. Deliberation is the process through which ideological conflicts can be solved by fostering fruitful dialogue between opposing viewpoints, rather than normalizing ideas through external pressures. Classical Indian philosophical texts suggest that reasoned public debates served as a method to refine reasoning through the scrutiny of others in assemblies. This is exemplified through public debates, such as those televised between political candidates, which serve as platforms for democratic discourse and communicative action. Such debates provide a political forum where 'we, the people' can actively participate in shaping the direction of our democracies.