Final answer:
A step-down transformer reduces voltage by having fewer turns in the secondary coil compared to the primary coil, while ideally maintaining equal power on both sides, accounting for minimal energy losses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Step-Down Transformers
A step-down transformer is a device used to decrease voltage from the primary coil to the secondary coil. There are a couple of characteristics of a step-down transformer that we can assert as true. Firstly, the number of turns in the secondary coil is less than the number of turns in the primary coil. This difference in the number of turns causes the output voltage to be lower than the input voltage. Secondly, assuming the transformer is ideal, the power output in the secondary coil is equal to the power input in the primary coil, minus any losses due to resistance or other inefficiencies.
A correct statement about a step-down transformer is that it has a higher number of turns in the primary coil compared to the secondary coil. Another correct statement is that an ideal step-down transformer has equal power in both the primary and secondary coils, which in practice is nearly true once adjusted for minimal energy losses in a real scenario.