Final answer:
The statement about President Johnson's promotion of affirmative action and its application in the federal civil service and to contractors is essentially true, but the Supreme Court applies strict scrutiny to some affirmative action policies, particularly when individuals are classified by race.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that President Johnson promotes minority employment among the federal civil service and companies doing business with the U.S. government and that the federal government makes affirmative action a prominent goal is true. However, the latter part of the statement referring to the Supreme Court subjecting affirmative action policies to strict scrutiny requires elaboration. The U.S. Supreme Court applies strict scrutiny to cases involving government actions that classify individuals based on race, which includes some affirmative action policies. Affirmative action is a set of measures intended to end and correct the effects of a specific form of discrimination and to prevent further discrimination. Policies are designed to increase the representation of minorities and women in fields from which they have historically been excluded.
Today, affirmative action is primarily applied to federal contractors who have lost a discrimination lawsuit and is enforced by the federal Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The U.S. Supreme Court has invalidated state affirmative action laws that prescribe specific quotas or percentages for minority employment, and the contemporary application of affirmative action policies does not require such quotas but rather encourages efforts to consider and recruit a broader range of minority candidates.