Final answer:
Gender dysphoria is a condition identified in the DSM-5 that causes psychological distress in individuals whose gender identity is incongruent with their birth-assigned sex, requiring at least six months of symptoms for diagnosis. Awareness and proper diagnostics are essential for providing support to individuals experiencing such distress. The WHO has moved to reclassify related conditions under sexual health to reduce stigma.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gender dysphoria is a term used in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) to describe the psychological distress that may occur in individuals whose gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth or sex-related physical characteristics.
This distress can be intense and persistent, lasting at least six months, and can result in significant emotional or functional impairment. To receive this diagnosis, children must express a strong desire to be another gender. It is important to differentiate this experience from the broader transgender identity, as not all transgender individuals suffer from gender dysphoria.
It is also noteworthy that the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 reclassified what was previously known as "gender identity disorder" as "gender incongruence," and moved it to the category of sexual health conditions, rather than framing it as a mental disorder.
This change reflects an evolving understanding of gender identity and the experiences associated with it. Despite varying views on this categorization, the recognition of gender dysphoria in diagnostic manuals helps professionals provide the necessary support and treatment for those who need it.
Children, who may not fully comprehend the social implications of being transgender, can experience gender dysphoria from a very young age. Societal pressures to conform to gender norms can lead to distress and a tendency to hide one's true identity.
The importance of recognition and awareness of gender dysphoria is underscored by the increase in hate crimes against LGBTQ people, indicating the prevalence of discrimination and the need for societal understanding and acceptance.