Final answer:
Encouraging the educated upper classes to procreate was an example of a policy implemented in different time periods and cultures that aimed to increase the population of specific groups by providing incentives for procreation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Encouraging the educated upper classes to procreate was an example of a policy implemented in different time periods and cultures. For example, in ancient Rome, fathers with three children who survived to adulthood and had their own children gained extra privileges. In Japan, the 1940 National Eugenics Law rewarded women for having children and encouraged them to marry young and have many children. These policies aimed to increase the population of specific groups by providing incentives for procreation.