Final answer:
Meiosis II is the second round of meiotic cell division that results in four genetically unique haploid cells from the original diploid cell. It involves separating sister chromatids within the two haploid cells formed from meiosis I. This process is crucial for genetic diversity in sexual reproduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
During meiosis II, the two haploid cells produced from the first meiotic division undergo a second round of cell division which does not reduce chromosome number further, as they are already haploid. In meiosis II, the sister chromatids present within these haploid cells are separated from each other. This separation results in four unique haploid cells, each with a single set of chromosomes that are genetically distinct from one another.
During Prophase II, chromosomes condense and prepare for division.
Cells enter a brief interphase known as interkinesis, with no additional DNA replication.
For each cell, its duplicated chromosomes align at the metaphase plate during Metaphase II.
Sister chromatids are then segregated into individual chromosomes during Anaphase II and move to opposite poles.
Ultimately, four genetically unique haploid gametes are produced after the completion of meiosis II, resembling a mitotic division of a haploid cell.