Final answer:
Long-term alcohol use leads to various physiological effects including serious organ damage, dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and addiction. It affects multiple body systems, notably the liver and kidneys, which can result in severe health consequences.
Step-by-step explanation:
Long-term physiological effects of alcohol use include liver damage, pancreatitis, esophageal varices, gastritis, ulceration, cardiomyopathy, and hemorrhage. Alcohol consumption has an extensive impact on various bodily systems, leading to a plethora of health issues. Chronic alcohol use can lead to the development of tolerance and physical dependence, with withdrawal symptoms such as tremors, seizures, and confusion when intake is stopped. Alcohol's impact on the reward system of the brain contributes to the addiction process and the motivational forces behind continued use. Additionally, alcohol can exert harmful effects on the excretory system with long-term use, causing serious liver and kidney disease.