Final answer:
The competitive service system has become decentralized due to the shift from manufacturing to service industries and the force of globalization. There has been a greater use of things other than exams to hire employees because other factors have become more important, such as global mindset and workplace protection laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
The competitive service system has become decentralized due to several factors. One reason is the shift from manufacturing to service industries, which has changed the demand for different types of skills and qualifications. Additionally, globalization and increased competition from foreign producers have also played a role in the decentralization of the competitive service system. There has been a greater use of things other than exams to hire employees because other factors have become more important in determining an individual's suitability for a job. For example, the force of globalization has made it essential for employees to have a global mindset and the ability to work in diverse cultural contexts. Moreover, there has been a reduced desire for unions because of the workplace protection laws now in place, which has shifted the focus from exams and testing to evaluating an applicant's background, knowledge, skills, and abilities.