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What was the growth in the bureaucracy a result of (from the beginning to the middle of the 19th Century)? What happened after the middle of the 19th Century?

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Final answer:

The growth in the bureaucracy from the beginning to the middle of the 19th Century was a result of the expansion of federal centralization and the government's involvement in railway concessions. After the middle of the 19th Century, there were significant periods of bureaucratic expansion in the 1930s and the 1960s.

Step-by-step explanation:

The growth in the bureaucracy from the beginning to the middle of the 19th Century in the United States was a result of two main factors: the expansion of federal centralization due to the increase in population and economic size through industrialization, and the involvement of the government and its bureaucracy in creating concessions for and providing land to the western railways.

After the middle of the 19th Century, there were two significant periods of bureaucratic expansion in the United States: the 1930s and the 1960s. These expansions served important purposes and transformed politics, but they also had potential economic costs and faced criticism regarding stifling capitalist innovation during the Cold War era.

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