Final answer:
The statement that benefits are often estimated without complete information is true. Imperfect information is common in areas such as trade and insurance, where complete data on benefits, risks, or behavioral factors is challenging to obtain.
Step-by-step explanation:
Benefits are often estimated without complete information. This statement is true. In situations like estimating the gains from trade or the risk of insurance events, there is inherently imperfect information. For example, in trade, economic statistics may not effectively measure consumer benefits like product variety and increased competition.
Additionally, outcomes such as the transfer of knowledge between countries through trade might not be reflected well in such assessments. In the realm of insurance, predicting future events with certainty is impossible, and estimating individual risks is difficult due to the variability in peoples' behaviors and the element of luck.
In scientific experiments, a positive correlation does not necessarily imply health benefits to the variable under investigation. It simply indicates a relationship where two variables tend to increase or decrease together. The quality of experiments is also influenced by factors such as sample size, with larger sample sizes generally being more reliable than smaller ones.