Final answer:
The penalty for spitting at an official or opponent in sports is determined by the respective governing body's rules and usually entails harsh consequences such as multi-game suspensions, fines, or a ban from several matches.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question regarding the time penalty for spitting at an official or opponent falls within the realm of disciplinary actions in sports regulations and is closely related to the subject of Law. When it comes to sports, the rules and penalties for misconduct are stipulated by the governing bodies, such as FIFA for soccer or the NBA for basketball. Each sport has a set of rules that prescribe what disciplinary measures should be taken for various infractions. For an action as disrespectful and unsportsmanlike as spitting at an official or opponent, most sports leagues would impose a severe penalty. This could include suspension for multiple games, a hefty fine, or even a ban from participating in several matches. The exact penalty would depend on the specific rules of the sport's governing body and the context of the incident.